Gut microbiota

The human gut possesses millions of microbes that define a complex microbial community. The human gut microorganisms (mostly non-pathogenic) have symbiotic host relationships and are usually associated with the host’s immunity to defend against pathogenic invasion.

The dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is therefore linked to various human diseases, such as anxiety, depression, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer.

Many recent clinical studies conducted worldwide are demonstrating the relation of specific microbial species and eubiosis (microbial balance within the body.) in health and disease.

Frontiers | Human gut microbiota in health and disease: Unveiling the relationship (frontiersin.org)

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The development and alteration of the gut microbiome are affected by a variety of factors including birthing and infant feeding method, exposure to stress, environment, diet, medications, stage of lifecycle, and comorbid diseases.

Dysbiosis is described as the alteration in microbial community that results in decreased diversity and numbers of commensal bacteria.

Studies suggest relationships between gut dysbiosis and chronic health conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and cancer (Carding et al., 2015).

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/gut-microbiome